108822-3116 ZEXEL INJECTION-PUMP ASSEMBLY Cross 1088223116 220009124a

General Recommendations and Contamination Control Guidelines for Fuels
Follow all applicable industry standards and all applicable governmental, environmental, and safety guidelines, practices, regulations, and mandates.Note: These general recommendations and guidelines concerning maintenance and care of fuel and fuel storage systems are not intended to be all inclusive. Discuss proper fuel safety and health, handling, and maintenance practices with your fuel supplier. Use of these general recommendations and guidelines does not lessen the engine owners and/or fuel supplier responsibility to follow all industry standard practices for fuel storage and for fuel handling.Note: Where recommendations for draining water and/or sediment and/or debris are stated, dispose of this waste according to all applicable regulations and mandates.Note: Caterpillar filters are designed and built to provide optimal performance and protection of the fuel system components.Clean fuels, as detailed below, are strongly recommended to allow optimal performance and durability of the fuel systems and to reduce power loss, failures, and related down time of engines.Fuels of “ISO 18/16/13” cleanliness levels or cleaner as dispensed into the engine or machine fuel tank should be used. Reduced power, failures and related downtime can result if clean fuels are not used. Fuels of “ISO 18/16/13” are particularly important for new fuel system designs such as Common Rail injection systems and unit injection systems. These new injection system designs utilize higher fuel pressures and are designed with tight clearances between moving parts to meet required stringent emissions regulations. Peak injection pressures in current fuel injection systems may exceed 30,000 psi. Clearances in these systems are less than 5 µm. As a result, particle contaminants as small as 4 µm can cause scoring and scratching of internal pump and injector surfaces and of injector nozzles.Water in the fuel causes cavitation, corrosion of fuel system parts, and provides an environment where microbial growth in the fuel can flourish. Other sources of fuel contamination are soaps, gels, or other compounds that may result from undesirable chemical interactions in the fuels. Gels and other insoluble compounds can also form in biodiesel fuel at low temperatures or if biodiesel is stored for extended periods. An indication of microbial contamination, detrimental fuel additives interactions, or cold temperature gel is very rapid filter plugging of bulk fuel filters or machine fuel filters.To reduce downtime due to contamination, follow these fuel maintenance guidelines in addition to the recommendations given in the "Contamination Control" Chapter in this Special Publication:
Use high-quality fuels per recommended and required specifications (refer to the “Fuel” chapter in this Special Publication).
Do not add new engine oil, waste engine oil or any oil product to the fuel unless the engine is designed and certified to burn diesel engine oil (for example Caterpillar ORS designed for large engines). Engine oils may raise the sulfur level of the fuel and may cause fouling of the fuel system and loss of performance. Engine oils in fuels can also reduce the maintenance intervals of aftertreatment devices in Tier 4 machines.
Use recommended Cat filtration products, including Cat Advanced Efficiency Fuel