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Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations for Direct Injection (DI) and Precombustion Chamber (PC) engines
Refer to the minimum temperature in table 1 in order to determine the required oil viscosity for starting a cold engine. Refer to the maximum temperature in order to select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the highest ambient temperature that is anticipated.Refer to this Special Publication, "General Information for Lubricants" article for important lubricant information.Supplemental heat is recommended for cold-soaked starts below the minimum ambient temperature. Supplemental heat may be required for cold-soaked starts that are above the minimum temperature that is stated, depending on the parasitic load and other factors. Cold-soaked starts occur when the engine has not been operated for a time, allowing the oil to become more viscous in cooler ambient temperatures.For oil recommendations for Tier 4 EPA certified engines, EU stage IIIB and IV type approved engines, and Japan Step IV approved engines refer to the Special Publication, "Engine Oil" section. Refer to this Special Publication, "Lubricant Information" section for a list of all Cat engine oils.Note: Use the highest oil viscosity that is available to meet the requirement for the temperature at start-up.If ambient temperature conditions at engine start-up require the use of multigrade SAE 0W oil, SAE 0W-40 viscosity grade is preferred over SAE 0W-30.Note: Cat offers Special Application Engine Oil (SAEO), API CF oil of SAE 30 and SAE 40 viscosity grades. These oils are recommended for use in 3116 and 3126 marine engines.Note: 10W-30 is the preferred viscosity grade for the 3116, 3126, C7, C-9, and C9 diesel engines when the ambient temperature is above −18° C (0° F) and below 40° C (104° F).Note: C175 Series diesel engines require the use of multigrade SAE 40 oil: SAE 0W-40, SAE 5W-40, SAE 10W-40, or SAE 15W-40. In ambient temperatures of −9.5° C (15° F) or above, SAE 15W-40 is the preferred oil viscosity grade.If ambient temperature conditions at engine start-up require the use of multigrade SAE 0W oil, SAE 0W-40 viscosity grade is preferred over SAE 0W-30.Refer to table 1 and associated footnotes for guidance on selecting the proper oil viscosity grade for various ambient temperatures.
Table 1
Lubricant Viscosities for Ambient Temperatures for Cat Diesel Engines(1)(2)
Engine Type Oil Type and Performance Requirements Viscosity Grade °C °F
Min Max Min Max
Direct Injection (DI) and Pre Combustion (PC) Cat Cold-Weather DEO-ULS (API CK-4) SAE 0W-40 −40 40 −40 104
Cat DEO-ULS SYN (API CK-4) SAE 5W-40 −30 50 −22 122
Cat DEO-ULS (API CK-4)
Cat DEO (API CPI-4/CPI-4 PLUS) SAE 10W-30 −18 40 0 104
SAE 15W-40 −10 50 14 122
Pre Combustion (PC) only Cat PCO SAE 40 5 50 41 122
(1) Refer to Special Publication, SEBU6251, "Engine Oil", for information on the recommended and required engine oils for Tier 4 emissions certified engines.
(2) Commercial oils of viscosity grades that are not included in this table may be used if they are per Cat ECF specifications. Refer to the “Cat Engine Crankcase Fluids (ECF) Definitions” table in this Special Publication, "Engine Oil" for more information. Commercial oils