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Gauges provide indications of engine performance. Be sure they are in good working order. You can determine what is the "normal" operating range by observing the gauges over a period of time.Noticeable changes in gauge readings indicate potential gauge or engine problems. This also applies to gauge readings that have changed significantly, but are still within specifications. The cause of any sudden or significant change in gauge readings should be determined and corrected. Contact your Caterpillar dealer for assistance as needed. Oil Pressure - Indicates engine oil pressure. The oil pressure should be greatest after starting a cold engine. Oil pressure should read between 240 and 480 kPa (35 and 70 psi) when: the engine is running at rated engine speed with SAE 10W30 oil, and at operating temperature. A lower pressure is normal at low idling speed.
Engine damage can result if the engine is operated with no oil pressure gauge reading. If no pressure is indicated, stop the engine.
Jacket Water Temperature - Indicates engine coolant temperature. It should normally indicate between 77°C (170°F) and 98°C (209°F). Higher temperatures may occur under certain conditions. Maximum allowable temperature is 99°C (210°F) with the cooling system pressurized. Ammeter - Indicates the amount of charge or discharge in the battery charging circuit. Normal operation of the indicator should be slightly to the positive (right) side of "0" (zero).Check the charging system for malfunction if, during operation, the indicator is constantly to the negative (left) side of "0" (zero) or shows excessive charge. Tachometer - Indicates engine rpm (speed). The engine can be operated at high idle without damage, but should not be allowed to overspeed. Overspeeding can seriously damage your engine.
Do not exceed "bare engine high idle" rpm in any situation.
Fuel Level - Indicates fuel level in the fuel tank. The electrically operated fuel level gauge registers only when the START/STOP (ignition key) switch is ON. Fuel Pressure - Indicates fuel pressure to the injection pump. The indicator should register in the NORMAL (green) range.If the indicator moves to the OUT position or registers below 160 kPa (23 psi) when equipped with a numerical gauge, the engine will not operate properly. In most cases this is caused by a plugged fuel filter. Service Hour Meter - Indicates the total number of service meter units or clock hours the engine has operated.